
Anna Julia Cooper was the first African-American woman who earns a PhD at the Sorbonne and was one of the two black women to speak before the first Pan-African Congress in London in 1900. Here, May explores Cooper's 1925 Sorbonne thesis, France's Attitude toward Slavery during the Revolution. Cooper's dissertation exposes many of the ethical, political, and epistemological contradictions at work in France's emergent republican democracy. Moreover, she underscores the actions of slaves and gens de couleur in Saint-Domingue as historically relevant, even though they have been silenced in the historical record or ruled out as insignificant.