
This article examines how two texts—Pore Caitif (a late medieval devotional/vernacular Christian text) and Jacob’s Well—address the themes of poverty, human dignity, and spirituality among lay (non‑clerical) people. The author analyzes how the notion of poverty is not merely material deprivation, but is interwoven with spiritual attitudes, moral agency, and a sense of dignity. The lay spirituality dimension focuses on how non‑official believers adopt and live out practices of devotion, piety, and religious meaning in light of poverty and dignity. The text highlights how these works negotiate tensions between humility, self‑worth, social conditions, and religious ideals, showing how lay believers find meaning, agency, and status in spiritual as well as social realms through engagement with poverty and dignity.