23
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-023-00576-9
English
eng
Lotfy, Walid A.
Contributor
<div id="abs0005" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: ElsevierGulliver, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, STIXGeneral, "Cambria Math", "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Microsoft Sans Serif", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Arial Unicode MS", serif, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><h3 class="u-h4 u-margin-m-top u-margin-xs-bottom" id="sect0010" style="margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; margin-top: 24px !important; margin-bottom: 8px !important; font-size: 20px !important; line-height: 30px !important;">Background</h3><div class="u-margin-s-bottom" id="sp0080" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/cholesterol-oxidase" class="topic-link" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); word-break: break-word; text-decoration: underline 1px rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); text-underline-offset: 1px;">Cholesterol oxidase</a><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> has numerous biomedical and industrial applications. In the current study, a new <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/bacterial-strain" class="topic-link" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); word-break: break-word; text-decoration: underline 1px rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); text-underline-offset: 1px;">bacterial strain</a> was isolated from sewage and was selected for its high potency for cholesterol degradation (%) and production of </span><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/hypercholesterolemia" class="topic-link" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); word-break: break-word; text-decoration: underline 1px rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); text-underline-offset: 1px;">high cholesterol</a> oxidase activity (U/OD</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">600</span>).</div></div><div id="abs0010" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: ElsevierGulliver, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, STIXGeneral, "Cambria Math", "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Microsoft Sans Serif", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Arial Unicode MS", serif, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><h3 class="u-h4 u-margin-m-top u-margin-xs-bottom" id="sect0015" style="margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; margin-top: 24px !important; margin-bottom: 8px !important; font-size: 20px !important; line-height: 30px !important;">Results</h3><div class="u-margin-s-bottom" id="sp0085" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Based on the sequence of <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/rna-16s" class="topic-link" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); word-break: break-word; text-decoration: underline 1px rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); text-underline-offset: 1px;">16S rRNA</a> gene, the bacterium was identified as </span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/bacillus-subtilis" class="topic-link" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); word-break: break-word; text-decoration: underline 1px rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); text-underline-offset: 1px;">Bacillus subtilis</a></span></span>. The fermentation conditions affecting cholesterol degradation (%) and the activity of cholesterol oxidase (U/OD<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">600</span>) of <em style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">B. subtilis</em><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> were optimized through fractional factorial design (FFD) and response surface methodology (RSM). According to this sequential optimization approach, 80.152% cholesterol degradation was achieved by setting the concentrations of cholesterol, <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/inoculation" class="topic-link" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); word-break: break-word; text-decoration: underline 1px rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); text-underline-offset: 1px;">inoculum</a> size, and </span><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/magnesium-sulfate" class="topic-link" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); word-break: break-word; text-decoration: underline 1px rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); text-underline-offset: 1px;">magnesium sulphate</a> at 0.05 g/l, 6%, and 0.05 g/l, respectively. Moreover, 85.461 U of cholesterol oxidase/OD</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">600</span> were attained by adjusting the fermentation conditions at initial pH, 6; volume of the fermentation medium, 15 ml/flask; and concentration of cholesterol, 0.05 g/l. The optimization process improved cholesterol degradation (%) and the activity of cholesterol oxidase (U/OD<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">600</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">) by 139% and 154%, respectively. No cholesterol was detected in the <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/spectroscopy" class="topic-link" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); word-break: break-word; text-decoration: underline 1px rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); text-underline-offset: 1px;">spectroscopic analysis</a> of the optimized fermented medium via gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC–MS).</span></div></div><div id="abs0015" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: ElsevierGulliver, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, STIXGeneral, "Cambria Math", "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Microsoft Sans Serif", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Arial Unicode MS", serif, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><h3 class="u-h4 u-margin-m-top u-margin-xs-bottom" id="sect0020" style="margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; margin-top: 24px !important; margin-bottom: 8px !important; font-size: 20px !important; line-height: 30px !important;">Conclusion</h3><div class="u-margin-s-bottom" id="sp0090" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px !important;">The current study provides principal information for the development of efficient production of cholesterol oxidase by <em style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">B. subtilis</em> that could be used in various applications.</div></div>
Elsevier
December 2023
pdf
Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
Improved production of Bacillus subtilis cholesterol oxidase by optimization of process parameters using response surface methodology
mixed material
Elsevier