23 English eng Crane, Jacob Contributor <p data-start="119" data-end="514">The article examines how North Africans and the so-called "Barbary" peoples were represented in American print culture during the Early Republic period. It explores newspapers, political writings, travel narratives, and literary texts to show how images of North Africa were used to shape American ideas about national identity, citizenship, race, religion, and foreign policy. The term "Barbary(an)" refers to the populations associated with the <span class="hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline">Barbary Coast</span> (modern-day Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya), which became significant in American political discourse during the conflicts known as the <span class="hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline">Barbary Wars</span>.</p> University of North Carolina Press 2015 pdf ISSN 0012-8163 American Literature Barbary(an) Invasions: The North African Figure in Republican Print Culture mixed material University of North Carolina Press